Panthenol and Dexpanthenol are two names commonly used for the same ingredient. Panthenol converts into Pantothenic Acid (a B Complex Vitamin) in the skin and enhances skin regeneration and repair. When applied regularly, it has been proven to considerably improve symptoms of skin irritation such as dryness, roughness, scaling and redness.

Panthenol/Dexpanthenol is also an effective moisturizer. It improves hydration in the outermost layers of the skin and helps to reduce transepidermal water loss.

Vitamin E (also known as Tocopherol) is a powerful anti-oxidant that protects skin against the free radicals that cause oxidative stress and helps to support its natural resilience.

Vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid although these are actually different forms of the vitamin) is an essential nutrient to our overall health and the health of our skin.

Vitamin C is key to collagen synthesis in skin cells. As one of skin’s natural filler substances, collagen gives young skin its firm structure and even appearance but degrades over time. Much of this degradation is caused by free radicals which damage the cells that produce collagen. Vitamin C is also a powerful anti-oxidant and helps to protect skin from free radical damage.

The human body cannot produce Vitamin C itself and so relies on external sources, the most common of which are dietary sources such as citrus fruits. Vitamin C is also an effective ingredient in skincare where it strengthens and ultimately protects the epidermis, keeping skin looking radiant and fresh. One of its forms, L-ascorbic acid, is more active and more widely researched and proven as a skincare ingredient than others. Eucerin uses L-ascorbic acid in Eucerin Hyaluron-Filler Vitamin C Booster. Another form of Vitamin C, Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate, is more suitable for a lip care product and is used in Eucerin Aquaphor SOS Lip Repair.

Naturally occurring in chamomile and other plants, Bisabolol can also be derived synthetically. It has anti-irritant and anti-inflammatory properties and has been used in skincare for many years.